I den nuvarande stora recessionen har tre europeiska länder under mycket uppmärksammade former kraschat: Grekland, Irland och Portugal. Irlands krasch verkar bero på ogenomtänkta beslut i räddningen av banker; Greklands mer strukturell med långsiktiga problem med för lågt skatteintag, fusk i statsbudgeten och annat. Men Portugal, vad är det som har hänt där? Är Portugal ett riktigt exempel på eurosclerosis? Det verkar ju inte vara någon bankkris som har drabbat landet. Financial Times hade i förra veckan en intressant artikel om landets kris och där görs följande uttalanden om orsakerna till krisen:
Expert 1:
“The core of Portugal’s economic troubles lies in its low productivity growth,” says Antonio Garcia Pascual, an economist at Barclays Capital Research. “Without a strong structural reform agenda, it is very unlikely that the country can grow out of its indebtedness.”Expert 2:
“The key question now is whether Portugal can avoid another ‘lost decade’ of low growth,” says Emilie Gay, an economist with Capital Economics. The “enormous fiscal tightening” needed to meet deficit-reduction targets would hinder a return to a healthy growth rate. More fundamental problems, she says, include “high household and corporate debt, an uncompetitive export sector, poor education standards, high regulatory burdens and deep-seated rigidities in labour and product markets”Reportern själv:
"The difficulty of laying off workers and highly protected markets, such as pharmacy and transport, are seen as two of the main causes of Portugal’s loss of competitiveness, giving unions the power to secure wage rises above productivity gains. Between 2000 and 2009, average wages in Portugal grew by 37.9 per cent. But productivity growth of 5.9 per cent in the same period was well below the eurozone average of 7.2 per cent.Om det stämmer att lönerna åren 2000-2009 ökade 30 procentenheter mer än produktiviteten så är det onekligen bisarrt och låter eurosklerost.
The result was a 30 per cent increase in unit labour costs, pricing Portuguese goods out of export markets."
Peter Wise, "Fears of lost decade stir brutal poll fight", FT 5 april 2011
Jfr 17 dec 09, "Vilket land är Europas sjuke man?"
Inga kommentarer:
Skicka en kommentar