Kärnan i VofC och reguleringsskolan

"At the heart of the VOC literature is the concept of institutional complementarities.
The environment in which firms operate is not simply defined by market competition, but by five choices at the core of capitalist economies: the industrial relations system, the structure of worker motivation, the system of job training,
the structure of corporate governance, and the system of interfirm relations. The key theoretical insight is that there are only two viable combinations of choices, two ‘varieties of capitalism.’ Liberal Market Economies (LMEs), such as the US, UK and other Anglosphere countries, typically have decentralized industrial relations systems, promote general skills, generate high pay inequality, and rely on capital markets rather than banks. Coordinated Market Economies (CMEs), such as Germany and the Netherlands, are characterized by more centralized bargaining, lower earnings inequality, and less dependence on capital markets. Economic growth is achievable under either capitalist model. But hybrids do not work; institutional complementarities inhibit picking and choosing ‘best practices’ from both systems."

Labor History augusti 2006

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reguleringsskolan:

Padalino och Vivarelli sammanfattar reguleringsskolan kortfattat, i en artikel från 1997 som om skolan hänvisar till böcker av Boyer från 1986 och 1987. Får mig att fundera på om Varieties of Capitalism-skolan, med sin fånigt begränsade två-delade modell, inneburit något framsteg över huvud taget i jämförande politisk ekonomi.

"according to this theory, regulation means an aggregate institutional framework which is able to support macroeconomic relationships. If there is a good match between the relationships mentioned, economic growth can occur, whereas a mismatch may lead to a crisis in the system and eventually to changes in its regulation. The key economic and social relationships of a given form of regulation are: (a) the accumulation regime (the forms of technological change and determinants of investment); (b) the monetary relationship (an active vs. a passive monetary policy); (c) the wage-labour nexus (a competitive labour market vs. a regulated and unionized one); (d) the type of competititon (perfect competition vs. oligopoly); (e) the international regime (stable international climate vs. turbulent competitiveness); and (f) the form of state intervention (laissez faire vs. Keynesian policies)."

Samanta Padalino & Marco Vivarelli, "The employment intensity of growth in the G-7 countries", International Labor Review nr 2 1997, s 192.

- jfr om jämförande PE:s utveckling på sistone Vivianne Schmidt, "European Political Economy: Labor Out, State Back In, Firm to the Fore", West European Politics nr 1-2 2008. (pdf)